Just (finally) got to watch the Battlefield Detectives episode on the Gallipoli campaign in World War I. The theory is that the geology of the site doomed the British campaign from the start. Makes clear that the Allies didn't know the terrain, and thus selected landing areas that were ideal defensive positions, and the troops couldn't advance as they had planned. Then lack of water and poor terrain made further advances impossible, and brought about serious disease. I think they overstate the geology aspect - the real culprit was poor planning. What they desperately needed, and didn't have, was adequate topographical information, and sufficient water supplies.
Good episode. Made me want to learn more about the subject.